<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://tgaz.fudan.edu.cn/tgaz/placename/hvd_32886</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">零陵郡</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">零陵郡</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Lingling Jun</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>郡</name>    <alternate-name>郡</alternate-name>    <transcription>jun</transcription>    <translation lang="en">commandery</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>23</begin>    <begin-rule>2</begin-rule>    <end>588</end>    <end-rule>4</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>26.21034</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>111.61256</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location> 湖南永州市芝山区    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_113655" from="23" to="187" >        <parent-name>东汉</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Donghan</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30252" from="188" to="189" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30253" from="190" to="208" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30254" from="209" to="218" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30255" from="219" to="306" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30298" from="307" to="327" >        <parent-name>湘州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30260" from="328" to="328" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30261" from="329" to="329" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30262" from="330" to="344" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30263" from="345" to="351" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30264" from="352" to="376" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30265" from="377" to="385" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30266" from="386" to="411" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30299" from="412" to="415" >        <parent-name>湘州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30266" from="416" to="421" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30300" from="422" to="430" >        <parent-name>湘州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30266" from="431" to="438" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30301" from="439" to="451" >        <parent-name>湘州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30266" from="452" to="452" >        <parent-name>荆州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_30303" from="453" to="588" >        <parent-name>湘州</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42008" from="23" to="221" >        <name>夫夷侯国</name>        <transcribed-name>Fuyi Houguo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42009" from="222" to="265" >        <name>夫夷县</name>        <transcribed-name>Fuyi Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_43738" from="-111" to="256" >        <name>始安县</name>        <transcribed-name>Shi'an Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_43738" from="9" to="264" >        <name>始安县</name>        <transcribed-name>Shi'an Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_43738" from="257" to="264" >        <name>始安县</name>        <transcribed-name>Shi'an Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42004" from="291" to="588" >        <name>应阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yingyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42018" from="23" to="188" >        <name>昭阳侯国</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaoyang Houguo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42019" from="189" to="265" >        <name>昭阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaoyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42013" from="168" to="265" >        <name>昭陵县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaoling Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42000" from="222" to="588" >        <name>永昌县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yongchang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41958" from="23" to="588" >        <name>泉陵县</name>        <transcribed-name>Quanling Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41955" from="23" to="264" >        <name>泠道县</name>        <transcribed-name>Lingdao Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41955" from="275" to="344" >        <name>泠道县</name>        <transcribed-name>Lingdao Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41740" from="23" to="256" >        <name>湘乡县</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiangxiang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41882" from="25" to="221" >        <name>烝阳侯国</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhengyang Houguo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41881" from="23" to="24" >        <name>烝阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhengyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41883" from="222" to="256" >        <name>烝阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhengyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41961" from="222" to="464" >        <name>祁阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Qiyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41961" from="469" to="588" >        <name>祁阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Qiyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42003" from="222" to="264" >        <name>舂陵县</name>        <transcribed-name>Chongling Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42003" from="275" to="344" >        <name>舂陵县</name>        <transcribed-name>Chongling Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41980" from="23" to="264" >        <name>营浦县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yingpu Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41980" from="275" to="344" >        <name>营浦县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yingpu Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41996" from="23" to="264" >        <name>营道县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yingdao Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41996" from="275" to="344" >        <name>营道县</name>        <transcribed-name>Yingdao Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_43775" from="265" to="265" >        <name>观阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Guanyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_43775" from="266" to="589" >        <name>观阳县</name>        <transcribed-name>Guanyang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42017" from="23" to="265" >        <name>都梁县</name>        <transcribed-name>Duliang Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41841" from="128" to="221" >        <name>重安侯国</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhong'an Houguo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41842" from="222" to="256" >        <name>重安县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhong'an Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_41840" from="23" to="127" >        <name>钟武县</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhongwu Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_42030" from="222" to="265" >        <name>高平县</name>        <transcribed-name>Gaoping Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>零陵郡（公元23年-588年）治所<br><br>刘玄更始元年（公元23年）由九疑郡复名。⑴治泉陵县（今湖南永州市南芝山区）。辖境与西汉末相似，⑵辖泉陵、零陵、营道、营浦、泠道、洮阳、都梁、锺武、湘乡等县和夫夷、始安、昭阳、烝阳等侯国。顺帝永建三年（128年），锺武县改名重安侯国。⑶约桓帝建和二年（148年）后，昭陵县自长沙郡来属。其后辖境屡有变化，但治所未变。隋开皇九年（589年）平陈，改置永州。⑷<br><br>⑴据统一考证。<br>⑵李晓杰，《东汉政区地理》第十章《荆州、交趾二刺史部所辖诸郡沿革》：“据《汉书·王子侯表》，建平四年，哀帝封长沙王子昌为湘乡侯。（《汉书补注》引钱大昭曰：‘《通考》作长沙孝王子，此脱‘孝’字。’）元始五年，平帝封长沙刺王子赏为昭阳侯，景为承阳侯。周振鹤师以为赏、景二人当是长沙孝王子，非刺王子，《汉表》将二王错位（《西汉政区地理》面126），所论极是。汉制，王子侯封后当别属汉郡。《汉表》虽未言此三侯国别属何郡，然《续汉志》零陵郡下恰有湘乡、昭阳、烝阳（即西汉承阳）三县，故知西汉末年上述三王子侯国由长沙国别属零陵郡，而后汉零陵郡此三县之设皆当源于此也。《续汉志》所载零陵郡之领域状况，其实早在西汉末年即已形成，东汉初年只不过将此状况重新正式肯定下来而已。”（山东教育出版社，第209页）<br>⑶《续汉书·郡国志》（《后汉书》，北京，中华书局，12册，3482页）<br>⑷唐·魏徵：《隋书》卷31《地理下》：“零陵郡，平陈初，置永州总管府，寻废府。”（中华书局，1973年汪绍楹等校点本，第3册，第896页）又：“零陵，旧曰泉零，置零陵郡。平陈，郡废，又废应阳、永昌、祁阳三县入焉。大业初复置郡。”（同上）</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>