<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://tgaz.fudan.edu.cn/tgaz/placename/hvd_122284</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">建昌縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">建昌县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Jianchang Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>1911</begin>    <begin-rule>9</begin-rule>    <end>1911</end>    <end-rule>9</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>41.23949</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>119.38989</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location> 辽宁凌源县治    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_120345" from="1911" to="1911" >        <parent-name>朝阳府</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Chaoyang Fu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153194" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>七间房</name>        <transcribed-name>Qijianfang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153183" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>东哨</name>        <transcribed-name>Dongshao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153184" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>东平房</name>        <transcribed-name>Dongpingfang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153172" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>二道湾子</name>        <transcribed-name>Erdaowanzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153179" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>二道营子</name>        <transcribed-name>Erdaoyingzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153177" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>五子山</name>        <transcribed-name>Wuzishan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153188" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>公营子</name>        <transcribed-name>Gongyingzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153176" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>养马甸子</name>        <transcribed-name>Yangmadianzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153191" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>刀尔登</name>        <transcribed-name>Daoerdeng</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153198" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>北宫</name>        <transcribed-name>Beigong</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153185" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>十二跌卜</name>        <transcribed-name>Shierdiebo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153201" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>南平房</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanpingfang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153236" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>博古土</name>        <transcribed-name>Bogutu</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153234" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>口琴</name>        <transcribed-name>Kouqin</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153238" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>吉亨地</name>        <transcribed-name>Jihengdi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153193" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>哈叭气</name>        <transcribed-name>Habaqi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153174" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>喇嘛洞</name>        <transcribed-name>Lamadong</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153231" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>四家子</name>        <transcribed-name>Sijiazi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153200" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大东梁</name>        <transcribed-name>Dadongliang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153186" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大城子</name>        <transcribed-name>Dachengzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153202" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大道三家</name>        <transcribed-name>Dadaosanjia</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153197" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>宋家杖子</name>        <transcribed-name>Songjiazhangzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153240" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>小河沿子</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiaoheyanzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153189" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>山嘴子</name>        <transcribed-name>Shanzuizi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153175" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>新开岭</name>        <transcribed-name>Xinkailing</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153239" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>林家地</name>        <transcribed-name>Linjiadi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153178" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>汤神庙</name>        <transcribed-name>Tangshenmiao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153199" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>河东</name>        <transcribed-name>Hedong</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153192" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>河南</name>        <transcribed-name>Henan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153241" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>波罗科</name>        <transcribed-name>Boluoke</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153196" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>热水汤</name>        <transcribed-name>Reshuitang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153180" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>牤牛屯</name>        <transcribed-name>Mangniutun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153235" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>王家营子</name>        <transcribed-name>Wangjiayingzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153181" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>玲珑塔</name>        <transcribed-name>Lingta</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153237" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>科里台</name>        <transcribed-name>Kelitai</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153173" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>簸箕</name>        <transcribed-name>Boji</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153182" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>红草沟</name>        <transcribed-name>Hongcaogou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153230" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>老虎山</name>        <transcribed-name>Laohushan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153233" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>苦里苦</name>        <transcribed-name>Kuliku</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153195" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>茶棚</name>        <transcribed-name>Chapeng</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153190" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>虎头石</name>        <transcribed-name>Hutoushi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153232" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>贝子府</name>        <transcribed-name>Beizifu</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_153187" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赤里池</name>        <transcribed-name>Chilichi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>直隶省数据（1911年）<br><br>直隶省的聚落数据依据《畿辅舆地全图》（光绪十年（1884年）刻本）和《畿辅舆图》（光绪年间）⑴。由于早期地图存在投影和定位精度问题，不能依据地图图像直接数字化。CHGIS项目使用转移定位法，对聚落位置作重新定位，重新定位的基础数字地图是采用中华人民共和国国家测绘局制作的“1:100万中国数字地图（国际版，1990年时点）（简称ArcChina）”。重新定位的主要依据是地名的延续性，《畿辅舆地全图》中标示的许多聚落在ArcChina的聚落数据（RESPT层）中，都有相同的名称，即同一个地点。此外，参照聚落与河流的位置关系，以及临近聚落之间的相对方位关系，最后确定直隶省1911年聚落的定位。1911年县界走向的主要依据有两个，1）聚落，聚落归属关系在《畿辅舆地全图》中已有明确标示，定位后的1911年聚落位置可以与ArcChina的县界数据（CNTY层）作比较，2）参考界县与河流及山脉等自然要素的相对关系，确定1911年县界在ArcChina底图上的位置，如果相同，则使用CNTY层数据，如果不相同，依据以上关系重新绘制。府级界线据县级界线合并而成，省级界线处理方法相同。《畿辅舆地全图》代表1884年前的政区设置，参考《清代政区沿革综表》（牛平汉主编，中国地图出版社出版，1990年）直隶政区变化情况，同时参考《中国新舆图》（商务印书馆，民国二年（1913年））的政区设置和府界走向，对政区设置情况作了校对。<br><br>⑴《畿辅舆图》（成文出版社影印本题为《畿辅舆地全图》）。该图分幅与《畿辅舆地全图》相同，但图面质量比《畿辅舆地全图》差，而图后的图说比《畿辅舆地全图》详细。《畿辅舆地全图》是《畿辅通志》的舆图部分，成于光绪十年。《畿辅舆图》估计应是光绪年间编修会典时，依照会典馆体例，在《畿辅舆地全图》基础上重新编绘的地图，只是文字作了修补。</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>