<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://tgaz.fudan.edu.cn/tgaz/placename/hvd_121853</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">壺關縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">壶关县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Huguan Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>1911</begin>    <begin-rule>9</begin-rule>    <end>1911</end>    <end-rule>9</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>36.11350</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>113.19962</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location> 山西壶关县县治    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_120257" from="1911" to="1911" >        <parent-name>潞安府</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Lu'an Fu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145747" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>五集</name>        <transcribed-name>Wuji</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145749" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>冯坡</name>        <transcribed-name>Fengpo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145726" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>北庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Beizhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145740" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>南交</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanjiao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145718" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>口头</name>        <transcribed-name>Koutou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145715" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>固村</name>        <transcribed-name>Gucun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145736" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大河</name>        <transcribed-name>Dahe</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145724" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>天池</name>        <transcribed-name>Tianchi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145752" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>崇贤</name>        <transcribed-name>Chongxian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145751" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>川底</name>        <transcribed-name>Chuandi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145716" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>店上</name>        <transcribed-name>Dianshang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145731" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>搭驼</name>        <transcribed-name>Datuo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145714" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>晋庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Jinzhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145732" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>杏城</name>        <transcribed-name>Xingcheng</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145719" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>柏坡</name>        <transcribed-name>Baipo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145739" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>柳泉</name>        <transcribed-name>Liuquan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145737" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>桥上</name>        <transcribed-name>Qiaoshang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145730" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>梦羊口</name>        <transcribed-name>Mengyangkou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145743" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>沙驼</name>        <transcribed-name>Shatuo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145720" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>玉峡关</name>        <transcribed-name>Yuxiaguan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145717" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>百佛图</name>        <transcribed-name>Baifotu</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145738" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>盘底</name>        <transcribed-name>Pandi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145742" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>石盆</name>        <transcribed-name>Shipen</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145722" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>石窑滩</name>        <transcribed-name>Shiyaotan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145741" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>神交</name>        <transcribed-name>Shenjiao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145734" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>羊嵬</name>        <transcribed-name>Yangwei</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145725" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>苗村</name>        <transcribed-name>Miaocun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145746" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>行头</name>        <transcribed-name>Xingtou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145728" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>贾家</name>        <transcribed-name>Jiajia</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145733" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赵城</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaocheng</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145729" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赵店</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaodian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145723" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>辛村</name>        <transcribed-name>Xincun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145727" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>郭和</name>        <transcribed-name>Guohe</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145748" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>长林</name>        <transcribed-name>Changlin</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145744" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>马安驼</name>        <transcribed-name>Ma'antuo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145745" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>马家</name>        <transcribed-name>Majia</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145750" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>黄家川</name>        <transcribed-name>Huangjiachuan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145735" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>黄崖底</name>        <transcribed-name>Huangyadi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145753" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>黄野齐</name>        <transcribed-name>Huangyeqi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_145721" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>龙镇</name>        <transcribed-name>Longzhen</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>山西省数据（1911年）<br><br>直隶省的聚落数据依据《》（）。由于早期地图存在投影和定位精度问题，不能依据地图图像直接数字化。CHGIS项目使用转移定位法，对聚落位置作重新定位，重新定位的基础数字地图是采用中华人民共和国国家测绘局制作的“1:100万中国数字地图（国际版，1990年时点）（简称ArcChina）”。重新定位的主要依据是地名的延续性，《》中标示的许多聚落在ArcChina的聚落数据（RESPT层）中，都有相同的名称，即同一个地点。此外，参照聚落与河流的位置关系，以及临近聚落之间的相对方位关系，最后确定山西省1911年聚落的定位。1911年县界走向的主要依据有两个，1）聚落，聚落归属关系在《》中已有明确标示，定位后的1911年聚落位置可以与ArcChina的县界数据（CNTY层）作比较，2）参考界县与河流及山脉等自然要素的相对关系，确定1911年县界在ArcChina底图上的位置，如果相同，则使用CNTY层数据，如果不相同，依据以上关系重新绘制。府级界线据县级界线合并而成，省级界线处理方法相同。《》代表民国初年的政区设置，参考《清代政区沿革综表》（牛平汉主编，中国地图出版社出版，1990年）山西政区变化情况，同时参考《中国新舆图》（商务印书馆，民国二年（1913年））的政区设置和府界走向，对政区设置情况作了校对。</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>