<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://tgaz.fudan.edu.cn/tgaz/placename/hvd_121484</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">宣化縣</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">宣化县</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Xuanhua Xian</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>县</name>    <alternate-name>縣</alternate-name>    <transcription>xian</transcription>    <translation lang="en">county</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>1911</begin>    <begin-rule>9</begin-rule>    <end>1911</end>    <end-rule>9</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>40.61036</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>115.05115</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source>FROM_AC</geo-source>    <present-location> 河北宣化县治    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>      <part-of parent-id="hvd_120157" from="1911" to="1911" >        <parent-name>宣化府</parent-name>        <transcribed-name>Xuanhua Fu</transcribed-name>      </part-of>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135321" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>下花园</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiahuayuan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135337" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>二台子</name>        <transcribed-name>Ertaizi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135346" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>二台子</name>        <transcribed-name>Ertaizi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135338" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>关子口</name>        <transcribed-name>Guanzikou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135345" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>分水口</name>        <transcribed-name>Fenshuikou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135323" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>半坡街</name>        <transcribed-name>Banpojie</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135363" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>华稍营</name>        <transcribed-name>Huashaoying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135325" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>单家堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Danjiabao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135364" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>南口</name>        <transcribed-name>Nankou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135324" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>响水铺</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiangshuipu</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135351" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大仓盖</name>        <transcribed-name>Dacanggai</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135332" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大段地</name>        <transcribed-name>Daduandi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135362" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>大黑沟</name>        <transcribed-name>Daheigou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135339" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>宋家营</name>        <transcribed-name>Songjiaying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135349" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>定兴堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Dingxingbao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135330" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>庞家堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Pangjiabao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135370" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>张家湾</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhangjiawan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135341" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>张家窑</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhangjiayao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135333" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>施家营</name>        <transcribed-name>Shijiaying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135328" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>李大人庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Lidarenzhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135342" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>李家堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Lijiabao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135350" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>梅家营</name>        <transcribed-name>Meijiaying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135326" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>棘针屯</name>        <transcribed-name>Jizhentun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135331" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>段家堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Duanjiabao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135366" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>段家庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Duanjiazhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135348" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>沙岭堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Shalingbao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135367" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>流水沟</name>        <transcribed-name>Liushuigou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135357" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>深井堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Shenjingbao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135347" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>清水河铺</name>        <transcribed-name>Qingshuihepu</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135359" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>滴水崖</name>        <transcribed-name>Dishuiya</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135353" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>王宝墩</name>        <transcribed-name>Wangbaoduan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135360" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>王家湾</name>        <transcribed-name>Wangjiawan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135334" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>王罗庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Wangluozhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135329" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>白庙堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Baimiaobao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135356" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>石墙子</name>        <transcribed-name>Shiqiangzi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135368" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>立石里</name>        <transcribed-name>Lishili</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135355" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>罗家洼</name>        <transcribed-name>Luojiawa</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135354" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>老鸦庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Laoyazhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135358" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>胶泥湾</name>        <transcribed-name>Jiaoniwan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135343" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>董家窑</name>        <transcribed-name>Dongjiayao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135352" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>西榆林</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiyulin</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135361" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>谢家湾</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiejiawan</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135365" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>谷端庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Guduanzhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135336" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>贾家营</name>        <transcribed-name>Jiajiaying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135335" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赵家庄</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaojiazhuang</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135327" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赵家营</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaojiaying</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135344" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>赵川堡</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhaochuanbao</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135369" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>青山儿</name>        <transcribed-name>Qingshan'er</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135322" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>鸡鸣驿</name>        <transcribed-name>Jimingyi</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_135340" from="1911" to="1911" >        <name>黄土坡</name>        <transcribed-name>Huangtupo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[      <html><body>直隶省数据（1911年）<br><br>直隶省的聚落数据依据《畿辅舆地全图》（光绪十年（1884年）刻本）和《畿辅舆图》（光绪年间）⑴。由于早期地图存在投影和定位精度问题，不能依据地图图像直接数字化。CHGIS项目使用转移定位法，对聚落位置作重新定位，重新定位的基础数字地图是采用中华人民共和国国家测绘局制作的“1:100万中国数字地图（国际版，1990年时点）（简称ArcChina）”。重新定位的主要依据是地名的延续性，《畿辅舆地全图》中标示的许多聚落在ArcChina的聚落数据（RESPT层）中，都有相同的名称，即同一个地点。此外，参照聚落与河流的位置关系，以及临近聚落之间的相对方位关系，最后确定直隶省1911年聚落的定位。1911年县界走向的主要依据有两个，1）聚落，聚落归属关系在《畿辅舆地全图》中已有明确标示，定位后的1911年聚落位置可以与ArcChina的县界数据（CNTY层）作比较，2）参考界县与河流及山脉等自然要素的相对关系，确定1911年县界在ArcChina底图上的位置，如果相同，则使用CNTY层数据，如果不相同，依据以上关系重新绘制。府级界线据县级界线合并而成，省级界线处理方法相同。《畿辅舆地全图》代表1884年前的政区设置，参考《清代政区沿革综表》（牛平汉主编，中国地图出版社出版，1990年）直隶政区变化情况，同时参考《中国新舆图》（商务印书馆，民国二年（1913年））的政区设置和府界走向，对政区设置情况作了校对。<br><br>⑴《畿辅舆图》（成文出版社影印本题为《畿辅舆地全图》）。该图分幅与《畿辅舆地全图》相同，但图面质量比《畿辅舆地全图》差，而图后的图说比《畿辅舆地全图》详细。《畿辅舆地全图》是《畿辅通志》的舆图部分，成于光绪十年。《畿辅舆图》估计应是光绪年间编修会典时，依照会典馆体例，在《畿辅舆地全图》基础上重新编绘的地图，只是文字作了修补。</body></html>    ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>