<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><placename>  <system>China Historical GIS, Harvard University and Fudan University</system>  <license>CC BY-NC 4.0</license>  <uri>http://tgaz.fudan.edu.cn/tgaz/placename/hvd_113685</uri> <spellings>    <spelling>      <written-form script="traditional Chinese">北周</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <written-form script="simplified Chinese">北周</written-form>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>    <spelling>      <transcription system="Pinyin">Bei Zhou</transcription>      <exonym-lang></exonym-lang>      <attested-by></attested-by>      <note></note>    </spelling>  </spellings>  <feature-type>    <name>政权</name>    <alternate-name>政權</alternate-name>    <transcription>zheng quan</transcription>    <translation lang="en">independent regime</translation>  </feature-type>  <temporal>    <begin>557</begin>    <begin-rule>3</begin-rule>    <end>580</end>    <end-rule>3</end-rule>  </temporal>  <spatial>    <object-type>POINT</object-type>    <xy-type>point</xy-type>    <latitude-direction>N</latitude-direction>    <degrees-latitude>34.24642</degrees-latitude>    <longitude-direction>E</longitude-direction>    <degrees-longitude>108.90698</degrees-longitude>    <geo-source></geo-source>    <present-location> 今陕西西安    </present-location>  </spatial>  <historical-context>    <part-of-relationships>    </part-of-relationships>    <subordinate-units>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113191" from="557" to="580" >        <name>上州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113092" from="557" to="580" >        <name>东义州</name>        <transcribed-name>Dongyi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113453" from="578" to="579" >        <name>东楚州</name>        <transcribed-name>Dongchu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113399" from="568" to="569" >        <name>严州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yan Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_70808" from="557" to="580" >        <name>中华郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhonghua Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_70808" from="581" to="582" >        <name>中华郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhonghua Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113089" from="565" to="573" >        <name>中州</name>        <transcribed-name>Zhong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113024" from="557" to="580" >        <name>丰州</name>        <transcribed-name>Feng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96527" from="557" to="580" >        <name>临邛郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Linqiong Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113133" from="578" to="580" >        <name>云州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yun Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113015" from="578" to="580" >        <name>仁州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ren Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113419" from="566" to="577" >        <name>信州</name>        <transcribed-name>Xin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112976" from="578" to="580" >        <name>光州</name>        <transcribed-name>Guang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113195" from="561" to="562" >        <name>光迁国</name>        <transcribed-name>Guangqian Guo</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113118" from="578" to="580" >        <name>兖州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yan Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71061" from="554" to="556" >        <name>凤州</name>        <transcribed-name>Feng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71061" from="557" to="580" >        <name>凤州</name>        <transcribed-name>Feng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112938" from="557" to="580" >        <name>北朔州</name>        <transcribed-name>Beishuo Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112938" from="581" to="606" >        <name>北朔州</name>        <transcribed-name>Beishuo Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113231" from="578" to="580" >        <name>北江州</name>        <transcribed-name>Beijiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113282" from="557" to="580" >        <name>华州</name>        <transcribed-name>Hua Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112999" from="557" to="580" >        <name>南光州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanguang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113227" from="579" to="579" >        <name>南司州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nansi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113232" from="578" to="580" >        <name>南定州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanding Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112927" from="571" to="580" >        <name>南汾州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanfen Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112927" from="581" to="595" >        <name>南汾州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanfen Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113035" from="578" to="580" >        <name>南谯州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanqiao Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113000" from="578" to="580" >        <name>南郢州</name>        <transcribed-name>Nanying Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113061" from="578" to="580" >        <name>合州</name>        <transcribed-name>He Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113298" from="557" to="580" >        <name>同州</name>        <transcribed-name>Tong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113091" from="562" to="580" >        <name>和州</name>        <transcribed-name>He Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113091" from="581" to="583" >        <name>和州</name>        <transcribed-name>He Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113214" from="557" to="580" >        <name>唐州</name>        <transcribed-name>Tang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71253" from="578" to="580" >        <name>商州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113222" from="557" to="580" >        <name>基州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ji Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113428" from="564" to="573" >        <name>奉州</name>        <transcribed-name>Feng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113018" from="558" to="580" >        <name>威州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113293" from="557" to="580" >        <name>宁州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ning Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113284" from="557" to="580" >        <name>宜州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_88476" from="557" to="580" >        <name>巨鹿郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Julu Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112964" from="557" to="580" >        <name>巴州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ba Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113247" from="578" to="580" >        <name>平州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ping Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96533" from="561" to="580" >        <name>平羌郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Pingqiang Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112908" from="578" to="580" >        <name>并州</name>        <transcribed-name>Bing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113260" from="578" to="580" >        <name>幽州</name>        <transcribed-name>You Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112940" from="578" to="580" >        <name>广州</name>        <transcribed-name>Guang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71114" from="558" to="580" >        <name>广长县</name>        <transcribed-name>Guangchang Xia</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71114" from="581" to="600" >        <name>广长县</name>        <transcribed-name>Guangchang Xia</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113064" from="578" to="580" >        <name>怀州</name>        <transcribed-name>Huai Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_88361" from="578" to="580" >        <name>恒州</name>        <transcribed-name>Heng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113280" from="557" to="578" >        <name>戎州</name>        <transcribed-name>Rong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113172" from="576" to="580" >        <name>晋州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112919" from="578" to="580" >        <name>晋州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113172" from="581" to="582" >        <name>晋州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113123" from="561" to="580" >        <name>曹州</name>        <transcribed-name>Cao Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113123" from="581" to="606" >        <name>曹州</name>        <transcribed-name>Cao Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113135" from="578" to="580" >        <name>朔州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shuo Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113022" from="557" to="580" >        <name>析州</name>        <transcribed-name>Xi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113409" from="557" to="580" >        <name>楚州</name>        <transcribed-name>Chu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113165" from="557" to="580" >        <name>殷州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113021" from="557" to="580" >        <name>永州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113207" from="554" to="556" >        <name>沔州</name>        <transcribed-name>Mian Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113207" from="557" to="560" >        <name>沔州</name>        <transcribed-name>Mian Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112963" from="557" to="580" >        <name>沙州</name>        <transcribed-name>Sha Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112904" from="578" to="580" >        <name>沧州</name>        <transcribed-name>Cang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113271" from="557" to="557" >        <name>泰州</name>        <transcribed-name>Tai Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113286" from="557" to="580" >        <name>泾州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113016" from="557" to="580" >        <name>洧州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87884" from="577" to="580" >        <name>洺州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ming Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113124" from="578" to="580" >        <name>济州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ji Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113033" from="579" to="580" >        <name>淮州</name>        <transcribed-name>Huai Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112943" from="557" to="580" >        <name>淯州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87939" from="557" to="580" >        <name>清河郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Qinghe Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87939" from="581" to="582" >        <name>清河郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Qinghe Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113205" from="557" to="580" >        <name>温州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wen Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113285" from="557" to="580" >        <name>渭州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113160" from="557" to="580" >        <name>湖州</name>        <transcribed-name>Hu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113017" from="557" to="580" >        <name>潜州</name>        <transcribed-name>Qian Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113181" from="551" to="556" >        <name>潼州</name>        <transcribed-name>Tong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113181" from="557" to="579" >        <name>潼州</name>        <transcribed-name>Tong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112900" from="578" to="580" >        <name>瀛州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ying Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112948" from="578" to="580" >        <name>相州</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112948" from="581" to="606" >        <name>相州</name>        <transcribed-name>Xiang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112933" from="577" to="580" >        <name>石州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112933" from="581" to="606" >        <name>石州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_71217" from="562" to="580" >        <name>石泉县</name>        <transcribed-name>Shiquan Xian</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113168" from="557" to="580" >        <name>纯州</name>        <transcribed-name>Chun Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113193" from="557" to="580" >        <name>绥州</name>        <transcribed-name>Sui Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112986" from="580" to="580" >        <name>舒州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113153" from="557" to="580" >        <name>荆州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113127" from="578" to="580" >        <name>营州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ying Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96522" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蒙山郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Mengshan Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96526" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蒙山郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Mengshan Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113025" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蒙州</name>        <transcribed-name>Meng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96528" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蒱原郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Puyuan Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96529" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蒱阳郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Puyang Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113138" from="579" to="580" >        <name>蔚州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113277" from="557" to="580" >        <name>蔡州</name>        <transcribed-name>Cai Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113013" from="578" to="580" >        <name>谯州</name>        <transcribed-name>Qiao Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112985" from="578" to="579" >        <name>豫州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yu Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113295" from="557" to="580" >        <name>豳州</name>        <transcribed-name>Bin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87938" from="557" to="580" >        <name>贝州</name>        <transcribed-name>Bei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113388" from="553" to="556" >        <name>资州</name>        <transcribed-name>Zi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113388" from="557" to="559" >        <name>资州</name>        <transcribed-name>Zi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96523" from="557" to="580" >        <name>邛州</name>        <transcribed-name>Qiong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113099" from="578" to="580" >        <name>郑州</name>        <transcribed-name>Zheng Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113185" from="579" to="580" >        <name>郧州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yun Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113224" from="557" to="580" >        <name>鄀州</name>        <transcribed-name>Ruo Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113080" from="557" to="580" >        <name>鄯州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shan Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113079" from="557" to="580" >        <name>金州</name>        <transcribed-name>Jin Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113087" from="534" to="556" >        <name>阳州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113087" from="557" to="557" >        <name>阳州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yang Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113074" from="557" to="580" >        <name>隆州</name>        <transcribed-name>Long Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113189" from="557" to="580" >        <name>随州</name>        <transcribed-name>Sui Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113273" from="557" to="580" >        <name>雍州</name>        <transcribed-name>Yong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113169" from="578" to="580" >        <name>霍州</name>        <transcribed-name>Huo Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113393" from="562" to="578" >        <name>青州</name>        <transcribed-name>Qing Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113198" from="557" to="580" >        <name>顺州</name>        <transcribed-name>Shun Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87761" from="559" to="580" >        <name>魏州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_87761" from="581" to="606" >        <name>魏州</name>        <transcribed-name>Wei Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113164" from="554" to="556" >        <name>鸿州</name>        <transcribed-name>Hong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_113164" from="557" to="557" >        <name>鸿州</name>        <transcribed-name>Hong Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96538" from="558" to="580" >        <name>齐乐郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Qile Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_112975" from="578" to="580" >        <name>齐州</name>        <transcribed-name>Qi Zhou</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>      <subordinate-unit sys-id="hvd_96537" from="557" to="580" >        <name>齐通郡</name>        <transcribed-name>Qitong Jun</transcribed-name>      </subordinate-unit>    </subordinate-units>  </historical-context>  <data-source>CHGIS</data-source>  <source-note>    <![CDATA[          ]]>  </source-note>  <source-uri>      </source-uri></placename>